Webmaster Glossary

ADSL — Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
A new standard of Internet connection which allows very large download speeds over your existing phone line by utilising the high-frequency ability of the existing infrastructure.

ASCII — American Standard Code for Information Interchange
This is the standardised code used by computers to recognise letters and numbers by groups of seven 1s and 0s (called binary code). Gradually being superceded by » Unicode, which allows a much wider number of symbols to be encoded. There are several ‘artists’ on the net who make pictures out of letters and punctuation, resulting in ASCII art.

ASP — Active Server Page
» Microsoft made this scripting language, and you need to run it off one of their servers. It allows dynamic page generation.

Attribute
This is a command that goes inside a tag to further define what the tag does. More info is available in the basic tutorials.

AVI — Audio/Video Interleaved
One of several compression techniques (this one’s by Microsoft) for Internet video with sound.

Bandwidth
The speed that information can travel, measured in kilobits per second (kbps). Some servers will have better bandwidth than others, allowing quicker access and more users at a time. Large files consume lots of bandwidth as they download. Think of it as a pipe — only a certain amount of information can fit through at a time.

BMP — BitMaP
This is the file extension for saving Windows bitmap files (used by primitive programs like Microsoft Paint). A bitmap is an image that is made up of lots of rows of little dots. A GIF is another type of bitmap, but is a better format for the web than normal BMPs.
pronounce it: ‘bimp’

Browser
The program you use to view webpages. You’re more than likely reading this through one right now. They translate, or interpret HTML code into the page you see. The most common are Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE), and Netscape Navigator (NN). There are also text-only browsers, used for speedy information gathering.

Cache
A place on your hard drive where downloaded pages are stored temporarily, which means that pages don’t need to be downloaded again if you press the ’Back’ button for example, or if you are reading offline.
pronounce it: ‘cash’

CGI — Common Gateway Interface
This is one way of creating dynamic pages, like when you fill out a form and on the next page the information you entered is displayed. They’re used in Search Engines too. They are scripts which are placed on the server, usually in a directory called the “cgi-bin”, which stands for binary. CGI scripts are usually written in PERL, a programming language; which we have tutorials up for in the CGI Scripting section.

CSS — Cascading Style Sheets
Stylesheets are the hottest thing in web design since they were introduced a few years back. They give you huge control over your design, and with a few small changes, you could change the look of your whole site. Only more recent browsers support them, but now about 90% of web users can see them, so you should use them in your site. To find out how, read our stylesheets section.

DHTML — Dynamic HTML
This is what a page is often called if it uses a combination of both CSS and JavaScript. It is often used to create a highly interactive page that changes as you browse through it. Need to have DHTML Explained for you in more depth?

ECMAScript — European Computer Manufacturer’s Association Script.
This is what we’re going to be calling JavaScript in the future. Otherwise it’s pretty much the same as before.

Email — Electronic Mail
Everyone knows how to send and receive emails, right? Otherwise, you’re probably in way over your head here. Want to get in contact with me?

File Extensions
This is the 3 or 4 letter suffix at the end of any filename. For instance, this page is called glossary.html, with the .html bit being the extension. It tells the computer what type of file it is and therefore, what program to use to open it. You can learn how to save as a .html file, see a list of commonly-met file formats on the Internet, or check out the web’s most popular image formats.

FTP — File Transfer Protocol
A common way that files are moved from one computer to another. If you want to put your website up on the web, you generally need to FTP it up onto a server. To get a worthy program, head over to the Software Review page.

GIF — Graphics Interchange Format
This is the most popular graphics format on the Internet (along with JPEG). It was made by CompuServe, is limited to a palette of 256 colours, and is generally the best format for simple graphics. For a complete profile of this format, head over to the image formats page.
pronounce it: ‘jif’

GUI — Graphical User Interface
This is the part of a program you see — the icons, buttons and menus are all parts of the interface. Everything that surrounds this page in your browser is all interface that allows you to interact with the program.

HEX — HEXadecimal
The format of colours on the web. If you are telling a browser to make a background white, for example, you write background="#ffffff". You could say background="white", but some browsers wouldn’t know what you’re talking about, so expressing colours in HEX is better.

Hex codes are 3 groups of two numbers, which in turn signify the amount of Red, Green and Blue in the colour, hence “RGB”. These are the three primary colours of light. The range is 0 to 9 plus A to F. So, 0 means none (therefore #000000 is pure black; while f means full, resulting in white). With this knowledge, you can now create tonnes of colours by changing numbers. Although, some look better than others at all colour depths — these are the 216 safe colours.

HTML — HyperText Mark-up Language
HTML is the language you’re here to learn. Get the full picture in What is HTML?. “HyperText” is the way you surf the net — by clicking on links to travel between pages, and therefore travelling to sites that are located elsewhere in the world at a click of a mouse. This text is called hyper, because presumably, it’s text that has gone quite mad. “Markup” denotes the way you format documents, by marking up tags around the text; and “language”, because HTML coders like to boast at parties that they are "very multilingual". Or something.

HTML revolves around the standards made by the » W3C (World Wide Web Consortium); and so far we are up to version 4 of these standards (hence HTML 4).

HTTP — HyperText Transfer Protocol
The rules (called a protocol) on how a webpage goes between the website and your computer.

IE — Internet Explorer
Internet Explorer is a popular browser, made by Microsoft. For more, or to download, go to » Microsoft’s IE page.

IP — Internet Protocol
IP Addresses are a set of 12 numbers, arranged in sets of 3 (e.g. 205.123.254.145) that are the ’name’ of a computer connected to the Internet. When you enter an Internet address into your browser, the computer checks what IP number goes with that address — the address you enter is just an easier way to remember sites, and is called a domain name.

ISDN — Integrated Services Digital Network
A digital upgrade of your phone line, which downloads up to twice as fast as a modern modem — around 128 kbps. It’s moderately expensive, and not available everywhere. If you have the option, ADSL is a better connection.

ISP — Internet Service Provider
Your ISP is the company that you ring to connect to the Internet. Common and popular examples would be AOL, CompuServe, or BT. They generally also offer you more features than just Internet access, like email and webspace.

Java
Java is a programming language developed at Sun Microsystems, used to write programs and small-scale applications called “Applets”, which can be used in a website and induce powerful animation effects, reflections and other more crazy magical effects.

JPEG — Joint Photographic Experts Group
The image file format best suited to photographs, due to its ability to handle colour transitions well and compress complicated photos into a smaller size. It is 24-bit, and capable of showing millions of colours. Find out more.
pronounce it: ‘jay-peg’

JS — JavaScript
Not formally linked to Java, this is a scripting language that is coded into your page (unlike Java), and is used primarily for increased interactivity and special effects not possible with plain HTML. Go to our JavaScript section and add some tricks to your repertoire.

KBPS — KiloBytes Per Second
The speed at which you are downloading a thousand (kilo-) bytes of information. For example, a 28.8 kbps modem can transfer 28800 bits a second. A bit is a single 1 or 0, and a byte = 8 bits. Confusing, eh?

MPEG — Motion Picture Experts Group
Another compression technique for video and audio. Over time, there have been versions, called ‘layers’. One such layer was MPEG Layer 3, which was shortened to MP3, a very popular music format.

NN — Netscape Navigator
Netscape Navigator is a popular Internet browser, which was originally based on the Mosaic browser, which contributed greatly to the popularity of the web a long time ago. It has been overshadowed by better browsers since. » Download it.

PHP — PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
PHP is a simple and widely-used scripting language that can be used to create dynamic websites. First, a .php page is processed by the server and them put together into a HTML page that can be displayed in a browser. More info at » php.net.

Pixel — picture element
A pixel is the smallest area that can be displayed on a monitor. Pictures are made up of lines of different-coloured pixels. Your screen resolution is the amount of pixels your monitor is displaying at a time.

PNG — Portable Network Graphic
The rightful successor to the GIF image format, PNGs sport better compression efficiency, a wider possible palette, and just plain betterness. Only the more recent browsers support them so far, but they’ll become mainstream soon. Learn more.
pronounce it: ‘ping’

Scripts
A piece of text that either gives commands to your web-browser (in the languages of JavaScript and VBScript), or to your web-server (in CGI scripts).

SE — Search Engine
Search engines are websites that build up huge indexes of the Internet. Popular examples are Google, MSN or Ask Jeeves. We have a complete list of the popular search engines over there.

Server
A server is a computer connected to a network that offers some service to users, such as file storage. In terms of websites, the server your site is stored on is a computer permanently connected to the Internet that you upload your website files to. The server will then send your webpages and other files to visitors as they connect to your site. Servers can become overloaded with visitors (their bandwidth is depleted) and stop allowing people in, which is why you sometimes are stopped from getting into websites.

SGML — Standard Generalised Markup Language
This is HTML’s daddy, as HTML is a set group of tags that is unchanging. SGML contains an infinite number of tags as it is customisable. It is defined as “the international standard for the publication and delivery of electronic information”. Very helpful... Here, try » this link out.

Spam
Also known as ‘junk email’, this is bulk email sent out to thousands of addresses at a time, usually advertising a site or product. The hateable thing about it is that no-one asks for it, you just get it and it clogs up your inbox. Advice: don’t do it.

Tag
Tags are the fundamental parts of HTML. they are the pieces of code, like to make bold text for example. Check out some basic stuff.

TCP-IP — Transmission Control Protocol - Internet Protocol
On the Internet, some computers are connected through Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and some through Internet Protocol (IP). Used in conjunction they form TCP-IP. This is a standard for connecting to the net. Therefore, your computer can connect through any other computer that uses TCP-IP, which most do.

T-1
This is a connection capable of 1,544,000 bits a second. The speed goes up to T-3, which is capable of shifting 44,736,000 bits/second. Zoom!

UNIX
An operating system used only by the odd traditional bearded computer professor. Otherwise mainly for web-servers these days. The increasingly popular Linux operating system is based on UNIX.

URL — Uniform Resource Locator
That’s techie jargon for the address of a page. For instance, the url of this page is http://www.yourhtmlsource.com/starthere/glossary.html. It tells you the protocols (http:// or ftp://), and then the path to the file and the file’s name. You can see the address of whatever page you’re reading by looking in the address bar in your browser.

VRML — Virtual Reality Modelling Language
This is a largely unused Internet technology which lets you explore 3D worlds. Communities have been set up where you walk through virtual towns talking to people. » VRML FAQ.

WebMaster
If you own or take care of a website, you now can proudly call yourself a webmaster. This is also the guy to get on to if you need to contact any site you’re on.

WWW — World Wide Web
The name given to the vast library of Internet sites hosted by and served to the network of computers joined together which form the Internet and allow web browsing.

WYSIWYG — What You See Is What You Get
This is the term used to describe the HTML editors that give you a graphical representation of what you’re coding. A highly popular example is » DreamWeaver.
pronounce it: ‘wizzy-wig’

XHTML — eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language
This is a real effort to clean up code creation by making the rules of coding very strict. It is a new standard of HTML (after HTML 4.0) and in essence bridges the gap between HTML and the more powerful XML, below. It won’t take off for a while, but read XHTML Explained and get ready for the future.

XML — eXtensible Markup Language
This is a markup language separate from HTML, which is extensible — i.e. you can make up your own tags and so create your own structure. It involves changing how your browser interprets tags. This is highly advanced stuff, so you probably should stop caring right now.

Installing and configuring MySQL

Steps 1 and 2 - Download and Install the latest version.

Step 1 - Download the Latest stable version.
Go to MySQL Downloads page for the latest stable release. We are using here ' mysql-4.1.12-win32.zip, the latest stable recommended release as of 27/05/05. It is a 35.7 Mb download so either patience or broadband is required here, or get an earlier version from a cover disk of a computer mag. This is the binary version and contains an installer package which does most of the work for you these days. The need for manual editing of config files has therefore been reduced.

Download to a temporary location, I have a 'Master Programs' folder which I download to and extract from there.

Step 2 - Install MySQL
Extract the downloaded zip into its current location, then run the resulting 'setup.exe' file to start the mysql installer.

Open a DOS box (Start > Run > cmd ) and from the 'C:\mysql\bin\' directory , type in 'cd c:\mysql\bin' Once there type in 'mysqld --install'
Thats all there is to it, MySQL should now be ready for use.

Whats next ? Coming up will be a short tutorial on creating a basic database so that you get the idea of what is going on behind the scenes. This will be combined with a quick installation guide and introduction to phpMyAdmin, a great front end GUI to help create and organise your databases. Also coming soon is the installation tutorial for the 'Invision Power Board' forums board program, so you get real benefit from your newly installed php and MySQL.

Uninstall MySQL as a service.

Uninstall Previous Version of MySQL
This will also answer the question 'How to uninstall MySQL as a service'.
If you want to save your exisiting databases then goto 'C:\mysql\data\' and copy all the sub-folders in there that you want to keep, and paste them into a temporary location. Once your new installation is up and running, you can copy them back into 'C:\mysql\data\' ready for use. Note that this is not exactly the same as the 'upgrade MySQL' method on the mysql website, but works for me.

Whether you have saved your old databases or not, the next step in removing MySQL is then to delete the folder 'C:\mysql\' and all its containing sub-folders. Then , to remove the service, goto a DOS box and type 'mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown' , type your master password if it asks for it. Type in 'mysqld --remove' and this will uninstall and remove the service.
You are now safe to proceed to install your new version.

Installing and configuring PHP

Steps 1 and 2 - Download and Install the latest version.

Step 1 - Download the Latest stable version.
Go to http://www.php.net/downloads.php and download the latest stable release. I mentioned before that I had installed php 4.3.3 RC1 - However , version 4.3.4 is now available from php.net as the latest release. I have not tested this version yet but will update this tutorial to reflect any changes once finished. This tutorial concentrates on version 4.3.3.
Click on 'php 4.3.3 zip package' which takes you to a download mirror site in which to download the file named 'php-4.3.3-win32.zip' , save it to your hard drive in a suitable temporary location. (In case of re-installs being necessary I have a permanent location called 'Master Programs' where I download to and extract from there)

Step 2 - Install PHP
Following on from our previous related tutorial on Apache, extract all files and sub-folders to 'C:\Apache2\php' - if you extract elsewhere, please remember to substitute this file path in any future references.
Copy php.ini-dist file to C:\windows (or c:\%system%) and rename the newly copied file to php.ini.

Steps 3 & 4 - Configure PHP for Apache2 & vice-versa

Step 3 - Configure PHP for Apache2
Edit php.ini in notepad and scroll down to the 'Paths and Directories' section.
· Replace 'doc_root='
with 'doc_root= "c:\apache2\apache2\htdocs' --------> Change file path accordingly if needed to whatever your Apache Servers document_root is. (In httpd.conf)

· Replace 'extension_dir='
with 'extension_dir="c:\apache2\php' ---------> Change if needed to where you extracted the php files to earlier.
Save and Close php.ini.
· Copy 'php4apache2.dll' (or php4apache.dll if using version 1.x.x) from the 'c:\apache2\php\sapi' folder to 'c:\apache2\php' making sure that 'php4ts.dll' is there also.

· Copy ALL dll files from 'c:\apache2\php\dlls' folder to 'c:\windows\system32' folder.
If any dlls already exist in system32 folder , DO NOT* overwrite them unless php does not work after following the 'Step 5 -Testing Your Installation' section.
* - dlls are funny creatures, shared files being used by many programs, in my case I did overwrite all dlls that were in the system32 folder and have suffered no side effects as a result. I do not however want to be held accountable should you have a program that requires an older version of a dll that this installation might otherwise overwrite.

Step 4 - Configure Apache2 for PHP
Revisiting our earlier Apache 2 tutorial I said:-
Locate and edit 'httpd.conf' file (should be in 'C:\Apache2\Apache2\conf\httpd.conf')
--------------
In Section 1 : Global Environment.
ServerRoot should say : ServerRoot "C:/Apache2/Apache2"
Locate '#ExtendedStatus On' and just below it add :-
AddHandler server-parsed .shtml
#LoadModule php4_module "c:/apache2/php/php4apache2.dll"
#AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
The last 2 lines above are commented out to avoid errors, they will be un-commented when php4 is installed,but we put them here now to save time later.
So now we want to un-comment out those lines so they read like this :-
LoadModule php4_module "c:/apache2/php/php4apache2.dll"
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
The rest of 'httpd.conf' should be ok if the earlier tut was followed, so Save and Close this file then 'Stop and Start' the Apache Server service. (A soft start called a 're-start' differs slightly in operation from Stop/Start in regards to the Apache Server and I have had problems with it in the past so don't recommend it until all bugs are squashed!)
Ok, so lets get testing!

Step 5 - Testing your Installation.
Open Notepad (or whatever) and paste the following code into it:-

and save the file as phpinfo.php Open your browser and go to 'http:\\localhost\phpinfo.php' With a bit of luck you should have a screen full of Server related information and variables. If not, something has gone wrong with the installation somewhere and a careful check of the steps is required - or ask in our forums for advice, it is usually a simple config error or path related problem and nothing serious. Thanks for listening, the next phase in this series of Articles is to install and configure mySQL for use with Apache2 and PHP 4.3.3. After that is the installation tutorial for a forums board not unlike the one on this site. Both of these will be finished and posted soon.

A Web Designer's Role

Responsibilities:

• Work on creating graphics for web design, print design in image editing applications.
• Create good Home pages, internal page designs, and admin panel UI of websites as per wire frames or instructions.
• Create good Print media designs, Presentation slides for requirements.
• Spot and Fix the bugs of himself and document the solutions.
• Will be required to document whatever has been learned.
• Understand & create project requirements, specifications
• Give time estimates for task and deliver quality work in that timeframe
• Ensuring correct time estimates for Juniors and their timely deliverables
• Document what is learned and explored/searched (on Net)
• Provide training in required skills to his juniors
• Should spot and report issues, risks, requirements of projects/team and suggest solutions
• Ensure Knowledgebase is properly classified, documented
• Giving good presentations to others for sharing knowledge, experience and latest trends
• Find plugins, tools and creation of library for Improving the efficiency for development
• Strong knowledge of SEO and latest trends and their implementations
• Implement and ensure regular use of VSS / CVS and other data sharing and safety practices.
• Enhance the efficiency of development with respect to the number of issues, there by helping to achieve a level or 100 % accuracy at the development phase itself
• Define and implement testing methodologies and processes.
• Find the root cause of technical problem and find usable solution for them.
• Work on multiple projects and adapt to changing priorities and projects.
• Quick learn application requirement, functionality and business workflow.
• Communicate with client and understand client perspective.
• Train the new recruits on Design standards and processes.
• Maintain proper coordination with other department group members for clarifications on all required aspects of each project.

Mandatory Skills:

• Excellent aesthetic tastes and understanding of visual communication
• Creative visualization and effective explanation, presentations of the same
• Extensive knowledge of Image editing application like Photoshop / Fireworks
• Extensive knowledge of Flash animation and basic programming
• Awareness of latest web design standards and their application
• Ability to create designs for Print media
• Strong knowledge of SEO and latest trends
• Ability to Communicate with client and understand client/business/market perspective.
• Ability to work under pressure and meet deadlines with quality deliverables
  

Desired Skills:

• Good knowledge of Flash for creating animations
• knowledge of Graphics Plugins and utilities
• Basic knowledge of Print Media Software like Corel Draw / Illustrator
• Basic knowledge of Word, Excel, PowerPoint
• Application of usability standards
• Application of web design principles
• Good knowledge of VSS / CVS
• Extensive knowledge of Word, Excel, PowerPoint
• Basic knowledge of HTML coding for websites
• Application of SEO principles and latest trends in designing
• Basic knowledge of Audio/Video editing tools and motion video
• Awareness of animation principles
  

Characteristics:

• Punctual at work
• Smart workings
• Good grasping capability
• Proactive
• Zeal to learn newer technology
• Good Team player & dedicated to work
• Ability to work under pressure without loss of quality
• Good learning and analytical skills.
• Problem solving & Positive attitude.

Benefits to Hand Coding

Are you one of many website designers who use a popular WYSWYG (What You See Is What You Get) program? I was one of them. I blissfully made websites using the ever-popular design view and grew a very nice clientele. Due to years of experience my websites were cross-browser compatible, affordable and attractive. Life was good!!!

I became intrigued by Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) while surfing the net and decided to read about the benefits and do some tutorials. It seemed really interesting and I soon realized I could become a better designer. But there was a problem. I didn’t know anything about html (Hypertext Markup language)!

It didn’t take long to realize I was doing a disservice to my clients.

First let me list the good points about using a WYSWYG program in design view.

Small Learning Curve - With a little time, you will understand how to design a site. Unlike hand coding and learning any new language there is a learning curve which will take a bit of time to overcome.

Secondly it is faster to design a website using the design view and tables. Want the text bold, click the “B” button. Need a different font, select it from the drop-down box.

But that is where the benefits end.

Hand coding websites has many benefits.

Less Code - Less code results in smaller file sizes and faster load time.

Better SEO Results - Proper html with an external CSS style sheet allows Search Engines the freedom to focus on areas of importance without needing to sift through all kinds of meaningless code.

Maintenance and Update Ease - With CSS located in an external style sheet, updates and changes are easier and faster. If you choose to change the color of a link site-wide, you change ONE bit of CSS code in the external stylesheet. You no longer need to scan every html page to find every link.

Better Design Consistency - Because you have styled elements with CSS, you will not have any errors due to having forgotten or simply missed restyling something like a link. With consistency you have increased the chances of an enjoyable experience for the viewer. Also since all paragraphs look alike, all images are the same size, the visitors eye does not need to relearn how your website works thus delivering a very professional end product. Prior to using CSS, changing the styling of one element such as the color of a link required so much time and effort. I would have to search each page for links and hope I did not miss one.

Release all the Mysteries - Understanding html releases all the mysteries. Knowing how things work allows you to solve problems easier and also be more creative. You are no longer limited to square, blocky designs by tables restrictions.

File Size - Need another reason? The size of files should convince you.

Tables with all styling within the html:
Page A = 8.8KB Page B = 10.7KB

HTML with external CSS: Page A = 6.33KB Page B = 6.33KB

HTML is the foundation and structure of a site. CSS is what gives the HTML style.

Knowing how to hand code versus using a WYSWYG program in design view gives you POWER and complete control of your website. Musicians begin by learning one note, one chord until they can play a song. To become a true hand coding designer and developer, learn one element, then another. Soon you will have a website that you can feel proud of because you did it yourself.

What steps are involved in the web design process?

Consultation
Free initial consultation - We have an initial meeting to determine the purpose of your website and gather information on your target audience. We will discuss your ideas on the appearance of the site as well as the functionality you expect it to provide. We explain the technologies involved in the more complex designs using plain language and offer pricing packages on the variations we discuss. Other issues such as site structure can be decided and a potential site map drawn up.
To give you some ideas on what to think about when planning your site we have provided a website planning guide.

Quotation
We provide you with a written quote - Based on our initial meeting we offer you a web design proposal.

Planning
Collate website content - Content such as text and images is collated and the need for either modification or extra content is discussed. The content is arranged in a way that will allow users of your site to quickly find what they are looking for and allow high priority functions of your site to operate smoothly. The site map could be adjusted at this stage and ideas are suggested to improve delivery of the content.

Domain Name and Website Hosting - Domain names are decided and registered. Appropriate hosting services are purchased.

Design and Development
Design Mock - A draft design (look and feel) and/or page samples are prepared for your approval.

Database Design (if required) - The database that holds your website content is custom designed to fit the functions of the website.

Production - All resources required for the project are collected or produced.
Ongoing Consultation - We design and develop your site with ongoing consultation and testing.

Publishing
Site goes live - After your approval the site goes online with your choice of web hosting partner.

Modification
Fine Tuning - We monitor the traffic to your site so we can make suggestions for improvement in either holding the web users attention or increasing the number of visitors to the most important pages.

What do I need to supply?
Because you know your business and market best, your input is valuable to designing an effective site. Generally we supply you with a list of necessary items with our website planning worksheet but we leave the amount of control in the design process up to you.

It will save you time and money if you have any of the following items:

• text content
• company logos or letterhead
• quality photographs or images
• brochures
• previous print advertising material

If your business does not have the time or the resources, we can take care of all the content. This can include copy content, original photography, logo design and branding.

How long does it take to get my site online?
Websites vary enormously in content and complexity. The time involved to create them is a reflection of this.

It usually takes about 1 week for a small site with up to 5 pages.

For larger sites with interactivity, rich graphic content, flash animation, original photography or advanced programming it can take 3 weeks or more.

A large e-commerce or database driven site will usually take 3 weeks or more.

Hosting and domain name registration only take a few days.

Important Web Words

W3C - World Wide Web Consortium
HTML - HyperText Markup Language
CSS - Cascading Style Sheets
DHTML - Dynamic HTML.
XHTML - Extensible HyperText Markup Language
JavaScript - JavaScript's official name is ECMAScript.
AJAX - Asynchronous JavaScript And XML
DOM - Document Object Model
WHATWG - Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group

Web Default Fonts

Arial
Comic Sans MS
Courier New
Georgia
Impact
Tahoma
Times New Roman
Trebuchet MS
Verdana
Webdings

What is the Document Object Model (DOM) ?

The Document Object Model (DOM) is an application programming interface (API) for HTML and XML documents. It defines the logical structure of documents and the way a document is accessed and manipulated. In the DOM specification, the term "document" is used in the broad sense - increasingly, XML is being used as a way of representing many different kinds of information that may be stored in diverse systems, and much of this would traditionally be seen as data rather than as documents. Nevertheless, XML presents this data as documents, and the DOM may be used to manage this data.

With the Document Object Model, programmers can build documents, navigate their structure, and add, modify, or delete elements and content. Anything found in an HTML or XML document can be accessed, changed, deleted, or added using the Document Object Model, with a few exceptions - in particular, the DOM interfaces for the XML internal and external subsets have not yet been specified.

As a W3C specification, one important objective for the Document Object Model is to provide a standard programming interface that can be used in a wide variety of environments and applications. The DOM is designed to be used with any programming language. In order to provide a precise, language-independent specification of the DOM interfaces, we have chosen to define the specifications in OMG IDL, as defined in the CORBA 2.2 specification. In addition to the OMG IDL specification, we provide language bindings for Java and ECMAScript (an industry-standard scripting language based on JavaScript and JScript). Note: OMG IDL is used only as a language-independent and implementation-neutral way to specify interfaces. Various other IDLs could have been used. In general, IDLs are designed for specific computing environments. The Document Object Model can be implemented in any computing environment, and does not require the object binding runtimes generally associated with such IDLs.

Mission of the XHTML2 Working Group

The mission of the XHTML2 Working Group is to fulfill the promise of XML for applying XHTML to a wide variety of platforms with proper attention paid to internationalization, accessibility, device-independence, usability and document structuring. The group will provide an essential piece for supporting rich Web content that combines XHTML with other W3C work on areas such as math, scalable vector graphics, synchronized multimedia, and forms, in cooperation with other Working Groups.

What is XHTML?

The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTMLâ„¢) is a family of current and future document types and modules that reproduce, subset, and extend HTML, reformulated in XML. XHTML Family document types are all XML-based, and ultimately are designed to work in conjunction with XML-based user agents. XHTML is the successor of HTML, and a series of specifications has been developed for XHTML.

What is HTML?

HTML is the lingua franca for publishing hypertext on the World Wide Web. It is a non-proprietary format based upon SGML, and can be created and processed by a wide range of tools, from simple plain text editors - you type it in from scratch- to sophisticated WYSIWYG authoring tools. HTML uses tags such as and to structure text into headings, paragraphs, lists, hypertext links etc.

Welcome to Web Designer's Source

Hi This is Mani ( Web designer ), india.